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:ition filed rTovember 151212.

'the l'iinitrotoluene combination.

Patented Sept. 16. 1913. Serial No 731,088.

soy different substances omnnion table salt, potassium nitrate, oxalate oi nnnnoniz-i, or other salts of oxalieacid, o1" ufx'filii) acid and lime mixed together.) I 60,

prefer to use the sodium nitrate, and iorrod formula for my N0. 2 ex- (sodium nitrate,

one pro pin in would then. be as follows: potassium ohlo parts, binitrotoluene 15 parts;

L a. itlllllll nitrate 15 parts, wood pulp or equiv- 2o parts Not only is the sodium o added but the proportion of chlorate .livitolueno out down. i 3 explosive I prefer to use the "ons: potassium chlorate JJZHG 15 parts, sodium ni- I ,rsaw dust, Wood pulp orulrnt 53o parts.

, ind that the shove mentioned explosives I capable of use in s great many difierent situations. Not only are they greatly-useful for ordinary blasting where they are required to dolomite when confined; but,they

iviil also detonate When fired unconfined with Mo Thus the explosive becomes .n stlv l fol for open blasting, stumping or the liko. The direct object of using the substances classed as restrainers is the reduction of temperature of detonation, and at he some time, the increase of gas volume. 5 :tion in temperature in detonation des the amount of flame and decreases the .shiiity of ignition of surrounding matorial. Thus the explosives are adapted to use in coal mines and general mining work whore it highly desirable that a nonfiamo explosive be used.

1g the wood pulp or saw-dust, or other A ion; boing more or less of the nature of i niograte'd wood fiber), and in combi 5 nation with the chlorate, I may use other, organic compounds, such as resin or the like, :Uh'i with this rosin combination I may or may not use restrainers such as I may use in I make a fundamental combination as follows: potassium chlorate 70 parts, resin 17.5 parts, woodpulp, bran, saw-dust or ,equiv lent 20 to 50 parts And I may add Stone 0211 (or other carbonaceous matter) as ollows: 05 stone coal 10 parts.

When using the restrainer lmay-iise any of those above noted, taking as typi al the oxalic acid and lime. Potassium chlol a-te 60 parts oxalic acid 25 parts, lime 5 parts, 110. rosin 17.5 parts, bran, wood-pulp, saw-dust, or equivalent 10 parts. a further variacmnpounds I may use either silicious matetion I may substitute sugar or equivalent carbohydrate for the resin as follows: potas sium chlorate 60 parts, sugar parts restrainer up to parts. The sugar used in this c mbination is preferably dry and of the ratv type known as plantation. I have found that a. mixture of this sugar with the chlorate and other ingredients (such siliciou-s material) will produce a plastic cartridge pmvder Without the addition of moisture. A single simple mixing operation suffices to prepare this dry combination and delivers a plastic mass suitable for cartridge form. I may use the liquid binitrotolnene as a. rcsti'aine'r, and thus obtain a combination somewhat similar to that shown in my lirst fornmla. as follows: potassium chlorate fiOparls,sugar 20 parts, blflltltitOlflCBQ, up to :mproximately 20 parts. lVith these sugar ial or 1. may use a pulverized lime-stone or the like in varying proportions; for a No. 1 explosive I would use the mineral matter in about one half the amount of chlorate. For No. I would use about three quarters the amountof chlorate; and for No. 3 about the same as the amount of chlorate; \Vith the hinitrotoluene eoi'nbinations I may use a. tiller or carrier of an inert class, such as puverized limestone, to reduce the explosive violence where such is desired.

As to all of the above forms, and especially as regards the liquid binitrotoiuene combination first given, with or Without the various reslrainers, I may set forth the following advantages: The explosive is m=-de by a single simple i'uixing operation, the d1ffercnt ingredients being merely placcd together in a suitable receptacle or simple machine and then thoroughly mixed. The re sultant explosive is a smooth plastic mass which can be easily pressed into any required form and packed into cartridges for one sticks. The mass is practically Waterl proof and is non-deliquescent, the chlorate being bound in by the Water-proofing of the liquid binitrotoluene. The explosive is non deteriorating. It requires the action of a cap for its explosion: if ignited in open it will simply burn without explosive action; and concussion, jar or shock without heat will not cause it to explode. It is an explosive which may be classed :s a non-flame explosive; and its detonation is absolutely sure and certain when it is acted upon by a strong cap. Whether unconfined or confined, when set off with a cap it Will explode Without fail; and this is a feature Which is highly desirable in mining operations of all sorts. These and many other advantages are attained; but the salient points for which this explosive is noted are these-sure detonation of a non-flame plastic cartridge of non-deteriorating qualities, made in a simple manner from inexpensive materials.

Having described my invention I claim 1. An explosive, comprising potassium chlorate, sodium nitrate, liquid binitrotoluone and finely divided Woody matter.

2. An explosive, comprising potassium chlorate, sodium nitrate, liquid binitrotoluone and sawdust.

3. An explosive, consisting of potassium chlorate, sodium nitrate, liquid binitrotoluone and sawdust intimately mixed together.

4. An explosive, consisting of potassium chlorate and sodium nitrate together. about sixty par s, liquid binitrotoluene about fifteen parts, and sawdust about twenty-five darts. i In witness that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto subscribed my name this 8th (lay of November 1912.

JAMES F. OBRIEN. ll itncsses:

lfimvoon H. BARKELEW, JAMES T. BARKELEW. 

